History

The purposes of historical study have varied among societies and eras, but modern historical scholarship emphasizes the approach of relying on primary sources-- artifacts, documents, diaries, recordings, or other sources of information created at the time--in order to describe the causes and consequences of historical events. Nevertheless, there are other factors that influence the study of history. There are various theoretical approaches (e.g. feminist history). There are fluxes of new data such as releases of declassified government information. There are scientific developments in DNA analysis or in carbon dating. Finally, the study of the human past can be influenced by and even perpetuate nationalism, ideology, cultural bias, prejudice, power, or conflicts of interest. In other words, the study of history is alive with competing ideas, change, and controversy. 

Libraries are usually rich with a variety historical resources. This guide directs you to background resources, secondary sources, and primary sources--all of which are valuable in researching history. Many primary sources can also be found on the web, often in digitized collections. 

Policemen in Seattle wearing masks made by the Red Cross during the influenza epidemic, December 1918. National Archives.

When you research a topic from the past, consider the topic within a historical context. Think about:

• related events
• names
• dates
• places
• political issues
• social issues
• cultural issues
• technologies at the time

Start with facts you already know (people, organizations, dates, events, places), and then explore the resources in these pages to confirm, clarify, and research. And in the words of Zachary Schrag, ask honest questions and be open to surprises!